Journal: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Article Title: SARS-CoV-2 infection of intestinal epithelia cells sensed by RIG-I and DHX-15 evokes innate immune response and immune cross-talk
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1035711
Figure Lengend Snippet: Cross-talk between CoV-2-infected epithelial cells and immune cells activated MAIT and exacerbated inflammation. (A) Heatmap of immunological profile of Caco-2-ACE2-N cells infected with CoV-2 and PBMC cocultured with CoV-2-infected Caco-2-ACE2-N cells. mRNA fold change of immune genes was profiled by RT2 Profiler PCR Array Gene Expression Analysis. Left panel indicated group of CoV-2-infected Caco-2-ACE2-N cells, shortly named with “Caco-2 ACE2-N”; data were presented with mRNA fold change relative to Mock-treated Caco-2-ACE2-N cells. Right panel indicated group of PBMCs cocultured with CoV-2-infected Caco-2-ACE2-N cells, shortly named with “PBMC”; data were presented with mRNA fold change relative to control PBMCs cocultured with Mock-treated Caco-2-ACE2-N cells. (B) CD69 expression profile on MAIT cells in various coculture groups. “Isotype ctr” indicated isotype antibody staining; “Mock” group indicated MAIT cells cocultured with Mock-treated IECs (Caco-2-ACE-2-N); “CoV-2” group indicated MAIT cells cocultured with CoV-2-infected IECs. (C) Representative flow cytometry dot plot of IFNγ expression in NK and MAIT cells after coculture with either Mock or CoV-2 infected IECs (Caco-2-ACE-2-N). (D) Inflammatory cytokine (IFNγ, GrzB, TNFα) expression in MAIT cells determined by FACS with positive population percentage. “Mock” indicated group of MAIT cells cocultured with Mock-treated IECs; “CoV-2” indicated group of MAIT cells cocultured with CoV-2-infected IECs (E) Depletion of IL18 by adding αIL18 Ab into medium at the beginning of coculture. Cytokine expression in MAIT with depletion of IL18 in coculture or with rIL18 addition alone in PBMC culture medium. All data are represented as mean ± SEM of three replicates. Statistical significance is indicated. (ns, not significant, **p<0.01 ***p<0.001, unpaired t test or One-way ANOVA).
Article Snippet: After that, PBMC were harvested for immune genes profiling with customized RT2 Profiler PCR Array Gene Expression Kit (Qiagen).
Techniques: Infection, Gene Expression, Control, Expressing, Staining, Flow Cytometry